The two applications of radioactive materials in healthcare are radioactive iodine therapy and brachytherapy.
1. Radioactive iodine therapy: This is a treatment method used for certain thyroid conditions, particularly thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism. Radioactive iodine (I-131) is administered orally, and it gets absorbed by the thyroid gland. The radiation emitted by the radioactive iodine destroys the abnormal thyroid cells, such as cancer cells or overactive thyroid cells, while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues.
2. Brachytherapy: This is a form of radiation treatment where a sealed radiation source is placed inside or next to the area requiring treatment. It is commonly used in the treatment of various types of cancer, including prostate, breast, cervical, and skin cancer. The radioactive material can be delivered through implants, seeds, or applicators, and it delivers a high dose of radiation directly to the tumor, minimizing damage to the surrounding healthy tissues.
These applications of radioactive materials in healthcare aim to target and destroy abnormal or cancerous cells while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. They are important tools in the treatment of certain medical conditions and play a significant role in improving patient outcomes.
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