A pressure reactor, also known as a pressure tube or sealed tube, is a specialized chemical reaction vessel designed to perform reactions under high pressure conditions. It is a type of pressure vessel, uniquely designed to withstand high-pressure environments. The pressure within the reactor can arise either from the reaction itself or an external source, such as the use of hydrogen in catalytic transfer hydrogenation.
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High Pressure Reactor
Item Number : KV-3H
Stainless High Pressure Reactor
Item Number : RE-1H
Hydrothermal Synthesis Reactor
Item Number : KR-3H
Explosive Proof Hydrothermal Synthesis Reactor
Item Number : KR-2H
Advantages
A pressure reactor has advantages over a round-bottom flask. It allows reactions above solvent boiling points and reduces reaction volume to increase concentration, collision frequency, and accelerate reactions.
Pressure accelerates desired reactions and minimizes competing reactions, without impacting decomposition unless involving gas.
A pressure reactor can satisfy four green chemistry principles by using less solvent and producing cleaner profiles, saving electricity and water, and preventing gas release and explosions.
Metal pressure reactors
Metal pressure reactors are highly advantageous for conducting high-pressure reactions, as they possess a much higher pressure rating than glass reactors. Despite having their own distinct flaws, such as susceptibility to corrosion, the correct material of construction (MOC) can reduce or even eliminate vessel corrosion during the design phase of a metal pressure reactor. While the cost of the system may increase depending on the material chosen, the benefits of using a metal pressure reactor outweigh the costs. Additionally, metal vessels are sturdier than glass and can withstand higher pressure levels without the risk of shattering.
Metal high-pressure reactors are versatile and have extensive applications in various reactions, including but not limited to hydrogenation, polymerization, synthesis, catalytic, and petrochemical reactions. Moreover, they find extensive use in research, such as upstream, biomass, biopolymer, zeolite studies, and other fields. The use of metal pressure reactors enables scientists to perform experiments at higher pressure levels, which can lead to faster reactions, cleaner products, and more efficient processes.
KinTek's Pressure Reactors
Our Pressure Reactors are available in single or multi-position formats, ranging from benchtop to pilot scale. Choose from standard configurations or fully customized solutions to fit your specific needs.
FAQ
What is a high pressure reactor?
A high-pressure reactor is an equipment designed to perform chemical reactions or other processes under elevated pressure and temperature conditions. It is used in various industries, such as chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and materials science, to carry out processes requiring high pressure or temperatures. It includes a pressure vessel, closure, temperature, and pressure control, stirring or mixing mechanism, and ports or connections. High-pressure reactors are useful in studying reaction kinetics, performing catalytic reactions, synthesizing new materials, and developing novel chemical processes. They come in various sizes and designs, with temperature control and agitation options, making them suitable for a wide range of reactions.
What is a glass reactor?
A glass reactor is a laboratory instrument used to facilitate chemical reactions. It provides an environment conducive for reactions and holds the reactants in place, while also allowing for easy monitoring of the progress of the reaction. There are two main types of glass reactors: batch reactors and continuous reactors. Batch reactors are smaller in size and can only handle small quantities of reactants, while continuous reactors allow for the pouring of reactants into the reaction chamber continuously and can handle larger volumes of reactants. Glass reactors are used in a variety of applications, from chemical synthesis to environmental and life science research.
What is a thermal element?
A thermal element is a device that converts electrical energy into heat in order to raise the temperature of an object or space. There are several types of thermal elements, including tubular heating elements, radiative heating elements, and combination heating element systems. Heat transfer occurs through thermal resistance and thermal capacitance, and there are three sources of heat: a power source, a temperature source, and fluid flow. Thermal elements are commonly used in laboratory equipment, as well as in various domestic and industrial applications.
What causes an increase in pressure within a high-pressure reactor?
Increasing pressure inside a pressure reactor can be achieved through various means. One common method is by heating a sealed pressure vessel, where temperature and pressure increase proportionately, impacting reaction kinetics. Alternatively, the reaction occurring inside the vessel can induce pressure, and agitation can accelerate this process.
In situations where heating is unsuitable or insufficient pressure is generated, manual pressurization is possible with a compressed gas source, such as a compressor or a pre-compressed canister of inert gas.
Pressure reactors utilize pressure relief valves to safely regulate and maintain pressure, emphasizing their reliable and safe operation.
What are the advantages of glass reactor?
The advantages of glass reactors are their ability to optimize and replicate chemical reactions, and provide a clear view of the reaction process. They are corrosion-resistant, work with different atmospheric pressures and vacuum, and can be used for a variety of applications such as catalytic research, process engineering, and biomass research. Glass reactors are also designed with safety in mind, allowing for safe processing of solvents and acids. Other benefits include the availability of various options such as heating/cooling systems, vacuum pumps, PH probes, and pressure gauges.
How does a thermal element work?
A thermal element works by converting electrical energy into heat through the process of Joule heating. When an electric current flows through the element, it encounters resistance, and this results in heating of the element. Metal and ceramic heating elements operate on the principle of electric resistance heating, generating heat by resisting the flow of electricity through the material. The coefficient of electrical resistance of the material determines its ability to generate heat proportional to the amount of current flowing through it. The generated heat radiates outwards into the heat treatment chamber, making thermal elements a highly effective method of generating heat.
How does a pressure reactor work?
A pressure reactor is a laboratory device used to conduct chemical reactions at high pressure. It works by controlling the pressure within the reactor vessel, allowing researchers to increase the pressure to desired levels and monitor the reaction as it occurs. The high-pressure environment can alter the reaction rate and outcome, making pressure reactors an essential tool for understanding the underlying mechanisms of chemical reactions. Pressure reactors are designed with safety in mind, featuring high-quality pressure-resistant materials, automatic pressure control systems, and leak-detection systems. They come in various sizes and designs, making them suitable for a wide range of reactions.
What material is glass reactor?
The glass reactor is made of borosilicate glass and has excellent physical and chemical properties. The borosilicate glass is highly resistant to thermal shock, chemical corrosion, and mechanical impacts, making it ideal for use in laboratory equipment. The glass is also transparent, allowing for easy observation of the reaction inside the vessel. The glass reactor is designed to withstand high temperatures and pressure, and it is used in various industries such as petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and dye, among others.
What are the advantages of using thermal elements?
Thermal elements offer several advantages in temperature measurement. Firstly, they have a wide temperature range, allowing for accurate measurements across a broad spectrum, from extremely low temperatures to high temperatures. They also have high sensitivity, meaning they can detect even small temperature changes. Additionally, thermal elements have excellent stability and repeatability, providing reliable and consistent temperature readings over time. They are rugged and durable, making them suitable for use in harsh environments. Thermal elements can also be easily integrated into various systems and instruments for temperature monitoring and control.
What are the different types of glass reactors?
Different types of glass reactors include single-layer, double-layer, and three-layer glass reactors. Other types of reactors include glass-lined reactors, hydrothermal synthesis reactors, magnetic stirring reactors, electric heating reactors, and steam reactors. Glass reactors are commonly used in high and low-temperature reactions, vacuum reactions, solvent synthesis at a constant temperature, distillation and reflux reactions, vacuum distillation reactions, extraction separation reactions, purified reactions, and concentration reactions.
What are the different types of thermal elements?
There are several types of thermal elements, including thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), and thermistors. Thermocouples are made of two dissimilar metals joined together, and they generate a voltage proportional to the temperature difference between their junctions. RTDs are made of pure metals, such as platinum or copper, and their resistance changes with temperature. Thermistors are made of temperature-sensitive semiconducting materials and have a large change in resistance with temperature.
What temperature should a glass reactor be?
The temperature range of a glass reactor may vary depending on the model and its intended use. In general, glass reactors can operate at temperatures as low as -80°C and as high as 300°C. However, the optimal working temperature will depend on the specific reaction being conducted and the chemicals being used. It is important to carefully monitor and control the temperature of the glass reactor to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the reaction.
How should thermal elements be calibrated and maintained?
Calibration and maintenance of thermal elements are crucial to ensure their accuracy and reliability. Regular calibration should be performed using certified reference thermometers or temperature standards to verify the accuracy of temperature readings. Calibration intervals may vary depending on the application and industry requirements. Proper storage and handling of the thermal elements are important to prevent damage or contamination. It is recommended to protect the elements from extreme temperatures, moisture, and corrosive substances. Regular inspection of the element's connections, insulation, and protective sheaths should be carried out, and any damage or wear should be addressed promptly. Proper cleaning of the elements, if required, should be done following manufacturer guidelines. It is important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for maintenance and consult with experts when necessary.
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