Distillation is a powerful technique for separating and purifying compounds, but it comes with several significant drawbacks.
4 Key Disadvantages of Distillation in Chemistry
Heat Degradation of Sensitive Compounds
Distillation processes, especially molecular distillation, require heat to separate compounds. This heat can cause degradation or decomposition of sensitive compounds. To mitigate this, modifications such as high vacuum are implemented to reduce heat and exposure duration. However, this adds to the complexity and cost of the process.
High Equipment Costs
Molecular and short-path distillation require specialized equipment that is expensive to purchase and maintain. The equipment must operate under high vacuum conditions, necessitating high-quality materials and sophisticated design. This high cost can be a significant barrier, especially for smaller operations or in developing regions.
Complex Equipment Structures
The equipment used in molecular distillation is complex. It has specific requirements for the distance between evaporation and condensation surfaces and the need to maintain a high vacuum. This complexity increases the initial investment and complicates operation and maintenance. It also limits the scalability of the process, as the equipment is typically larger and more intricate than conventional distillation setups.
High Technical Requirements
Operating and maintaining equipment for molecular distillation requires skilled personnel. The high technical demands include understanding specific conditions for effective distillation, such as precise control of vacuum levels and temperatures. This necessitates ongoing training and expertise, which can be costly and challenging to maintain.
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