Simple distillation is a fundamental technique in chemistry labs. It's used to separate mixtures based on differences in boiling points.
4 Essential Pieces of Equipment for Simple Distillation
1. Round-Bottom Flask
The round-bottom flask is where the liquid to be distilled is placed. It's usually made of borosilicate glass, which can handle high temperatures and thermal shock.
2. Heat Source
You'll need a heat source to boil the liquid in the round-bottom flask. This could be a steam bath, hot plate, or heating mantle.
3. Condenser
The condenser is key to simple distillation. It cools and condenses the vapors produced by the heated liquid. A Liebig or Allihn type condenser is commonly used.
4. Receiving Flask
The receiving flask collects the condensed vapors, which are the distilled product. It's placed under the condenser to catch the distillate.
Additional Equipment
- Y-Adaptor: Connects the round-bottom flask to the condenser, allowing vapors to flow.
- Clamps and Stands: Securely hold the round-bottom flask, condenser, and receiving flask in place.
- Thermometer or Temperature Sensor: Monitors the temperature of the vapors for accurate separation.
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