Short path distillation of cannabinoids typically operates within a temperature range of 130 to 180 degrees Celsius.
This range is specifically chosen to minimize the degradation of cannabinoids, especially CBD, which is sensitive to heat.
The process involves heating the oil in a jacketed vessel.
A thin film of the oil is formed on the evaporation chamber wall.
The cannabinoid vapor is then collected in a temperature-controlled central condenser unit.
This condenser unit usually operates at a cooler temperature, around 60-70 degrees Celsius.
Detailed Explanation: The Key Steps in Short Path Distillation
1. Heating and Evaporation
The feedstock of oil is introduced into a jacketed vessel.
This vessel is heated by an oil circulating temperature control unit.
The distillation temperature is set between 130-180 degrees Celsius.
This range is selected to avoid excessive heat that could degrade the cannabinoids, particularly CBD.
The oil is spread into a thin film on the evaporation chamber wall by a special wiper.
This facilitates the evaporation of more volatile components like terpenes.
2. Collection of Cannabinoids
The evaporated cannabinoids are attracted to a central condenser unit.
This condenser operates at a cooler temperature, typically 60-70 degrees Celsius.
The cooler temperature is crucial for condensing the cannabinoid vapor effectively without causing further degradation.
The temperature differential between the evaporation chamber and the condenser ensures efficient collection of cannabinoids.
3. Low-Pressure Distillation
To further protect CBD from heat degradation, short path distillation is often conducted under low pressure or vacuum.
This technique reduces the boiling temperature of the distillates.
It allows for the separation of cannabinoids at lower temperatures.
This method is essential for maintaining the purity and yield of CBD.
Higher temperatures would lead to product degradation and financial loss.
4. Temperature Control in the Condenser
The condenser's temperature is carefully controlled.
It is set to be sufficiently cooler than the evaporation chamber.
Typically, the condenser operates at around 50 degrees Celsius.
This is cold enough to recondense the vapors effectively without the need for a traditional chiller.
This temperature control is vital for preventing clogging and ensuring the efficient collection of cannabinoids.
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