The 20/40/60 rule in rotovap refers to the temperature gradients between the heating bath, solvent vapor, and the condenser.
According to this rule, the effective vapor temperature should be approximately 20°C lower than the set temperature at the heating bath.
This is because the evaporation process gives off energy and heat from the liquid mixture.
For efficient condensation, the cooling temperature at the condenser should be at least 20°C lower than the effective vapor temperature.
In practice, the delta 20 rule offers a compromise between high evaporation output and energy usage.
To apply this rule, you can set the bath temperature at 50°C to yield a solvent vapor temperature of 30°C, which is subsequently condensed at 10°C.
These parameters (10/30/50) are suitable for the evaporation process to efficiently bring and carry off accumulated energy.
How to Set Up the Evaporation Process in a Rotary Evaporator
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Turn on the rotovap and set the bath temperature to a range of 35-45°C.
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Turn on the chiller and set the temperature to 0-5°C.
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Turn on the vacuum pump and set the controller to slightly above the evaporation rate (generally 100mbar).
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Allow both the coil and bath to reach the set temperature while the vacuum is set and equalized in the system.
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Set the vacuum approximately 15-20% lower after everything has reached temperature.
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Feed in a small amount of fluid according to the capacity of the rotovap.
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Allow the evaporation process to occur, matching the inlet speed to the discharge side of the rotovap.
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Dip the vacuum down as low as possible while ensuring that the vapors remain in the rotovap and do not bypass the upper vacuum port.
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Continually feed liquid from a storage bottle as needed.
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Empty the solvent discharge ball at the bottom of the condenser as needed.
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Empty the evaporation flask only when necessary.
It is important to note that this process requires an understanding of how to operate the rotovap continuously and match up the components effectively.
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