Short path distillation and wiped film distillation are both methods used to separate compounds under vacuum conditions to prevent degradation of the compounds.
The main differences lie in their scale, residence time, and efficiency.
Short path distillation is limited in scale and has a longer residence time, but produces a higher quality product.
Wiped film distillation, on the other hand, can handle larger batches, has a shorter residence time, and requires less equipment and space, making it more cost-effective.
4 Key Points to Consider When Choosing Between Short Path and Wiped Film Distillation
1. Scale and Productivity
Short Path Distillation: This method is known for producing high-quality distillates but is limited in its ability to handle large-scale operations.
It is typically used for smaller batches where quality is prioritized over quantity.
Wiped Film Distillation: This variation of short path distillation is designed to reduce the exposure time of the crude oil to heat, thereby increasing productivity.
It allows for the processing of large batches, making it more suitable for industrial-scale operations.
2. Residence Time and Quality
Short Path Distillation: The oil spends a longer time (10-60 minutes) exposed to high heat, which allows for the separation of terpenes, solvents, and cannabinoids into different fractions.
This extended process results in a higher quality product but at the cost of longer processing times.
Wiped Film Distillation: With a residence time of only 1-3 minutes, this method is much faster.
Although it does not allow for the same level of fractionation as short path distillation, it is more efficient in terms of time and heat exposure, which is crucial for preserving the integrity of sensitive compounds.
3. Equipment and Cost
Short Path Distillation: Typically requires more complex setups and potentially more frequent maintenance or adjustments, which can increase operational costs.
Wiped Film Distillation: Requires minimal equipment and space, and does not require changeovers between different products.
This simplicity and efficiency lead to reduced costs and increased operational flexibility.
4. Working Principle and Efficiency
Short Path Distillation: Utilizes the different free paths of molecules under high vacuum conditions to separate components without heating the material to its boiling point, which can be more efficient for obtaining high-purity components but at a higher cost.
Wiped Film Distillation: Operates by using different boiling points of components to separate them, requiring a higher working temperature than short-path distillation.
This method is generally more efficient for large-scale operations where speed and cost-effectiveness are critical.
In summary, the choice between short path and wiped film distillation depends on the specific needs of the operation, such as the scale of production, desired product quality, and budget constraints.
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