The basis of selecting the size of the sieves for the sieve analysis of given aggregates primarily involves considering the frame diameter, frame height, and the mesh size or wire spacing. The choice of sieve size and type is crucial for ensuring accurate and representative results in the analysis of particle size distribution.
Frame Diameter and Height: The size of the sieve frame affects the sample size and the efficiency of the analysis. Larger sieve frames allow for a larger sample size, which can be more representative of the aggregate's overall composition, promoting better division of fractions. However, smaller sieve frames are advantageous for fine powders as they offer better control and are easier to clean. The frame height is also important; half-height sieves can accommodate more sieves in a stack, optimizing space usage. However, for coarse particles, full-height sieves are necessary to ensure each particle has enough room to move and reorient during agitation.
Mesh Size and Wire Spacing: The mesh size or wire spacing determines the size of particles that can pass through the sieve. Different standards, such as ASTM and ISO/BS, use different units and methods for specifying mesh sizes. ASTM standards typically use mesh numbers, which represent the number of wires per inch, while ISO/BS standards often use wire spacing in millimeters. The selection of mesh size should align with the specific requirements of the test method or the desired gradation curve. It is common to use every second or fourth size in the series to provide an even indication of distribution, and intermediate sieves can be inserted to prevent overloading or to better define a range of sizes.
Sample Size and Environmental Factors: The recommended sample size for sieve analysis is typically between 25–100 g, depending on the material's characteristics. Using an appropriate sample size is crucial to ensure that each particle has a chance to present itself on the sieve surface, thereby maintaining the accuracy of the test. Environmental factors, such as air humidity, can also affect the results, particularly for materials that are sensitive to moisture.
Types of Test Sieves and Media: Depending on the material, either dry test sieves or wet wash test sieves may be used. Dry sieves are suitable for free-flowing particles, while wet wash sieves are used when water is needed to assist the particles in passing through the sieve. The choice of sieve media, such as woven-wire mesh, is also critical as it affects the uniformity and durability of the sieve openings.
In summary, the selection of sieve size for aggregate analysis involves a careful consideration of the frame dimensions, mesh size, sample size, and environmental conditions to ensure accurate and representative results. The choice of sieve type and media also plays a significant role in the effectiveness of the sieve analysis.
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