The type of oil commonly used in diffusion pumps is silicone oil. This choice is primarily due to its high vapor pressure and stability, which are crucial for maintaining high vacuum levels in the pump. Silicone oil is known for its durability and minimal degradation over long periods of operation, making it a reliable choice for this application.
Silicone oil is preferred in diffusion pumps because it can withstand high temperatures without breaking down, which is essential for the operation of these pumps. The oil is heated to generate vapor, which then moves rapidly downward to capture air molecules and remove them from the vacuum chamber. The cooling of the vapor releases the air molecules, and the process repeats to maintain a high vacuum.
The use of silicone oil in diffusion pumps also minimizes the risk of contamination in the vacuum chamber. Although some oil molecules may remain in the chamber, silicone oil is less likely to cause significant issues compared to other types of oils. Additionally, silicone oil is relatively safe from a toxicity and flammability standpoint, which is important for operational safety.
In summary, silicone oil is the preferred fluid for diffusion pumps due to its high vapor pressure, stability, durability, and safety characteristics. These properties ensure efficient and reliable operation of the pump, contributing to the maintenance of a high vacuum environment necessary for various industrial and scientific applications.
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