The vacuum level of a vacuum pump refers to the pressure level that the pump can achieve.
Different types of vacuum pumps offer varying vacuum levels.
The vacuum level is typically categorized into different pressure ranges.
1. Rough Vacuum
This range is from 10^3 mbar to 1 mbar (760 to 0.75 Torr).
2. Medium Vacuum
This range is from 1 mbar to 10^-3 mbar (0.75 to 7.5^-3 Torr).
3. High Vacuum
This range is from 10^-3 mbar to 10^-7 mbar (7.5^-3 to 7.5^-7 Torr).
4. Ultra-High Vacuum
This range is from 10^-7 mbar to 10^-11 mbar (7.5^-7 to 7.5^-11 Torr).
5. Extreme High Vacuum
This range is below 10^-11 mbar (< 7.5^-11 Torr).
The ultimate vacuum is the lowest pressure level that a vacuum pump can provide.
It is the point at which the flow rate falls to zero, meaning the pump can no longer move vapors.
When choosing a vacuum pump, it is important to consider the desired vacuum level for your specific application.
For example, diaphragm vacuum pumps can offer ultimate vacuums down to 0.3 mbar, while rotary vane vacuum pumps can offer ultimate vacuums down to 2 x 10^-3 mbar.
The vacuum depth refers to the level of vacuum achieved and affects the boiling points of compounds.
Greater vacuum depths allow for lower boiling points.
Therefore, when choosing a vacuum pump, it is important to consider the boiling points of the compounds that will be utilized.
If high boiling point compounds will be used, it may be advantageous to purchase a vacuum pump with a greater vacuum depth.
Industrial vacuum pumps are categorized as ultra-high vacuum (UHV) types.
UHV pumps are characterized by pressures lower than about 100 nanopascal (10^-7 pascal, 10^-9 mbar, ~10^-9 torr).
These pumps are typically two-stage vacuum pumps.
A two-stage vacuum pump design is preferred when seeking to achieve UHV vacuum levels in an industrial capacity.
It contains two sets of rotors and vanes, allowing it to utilize a low vacuum stage and a high vacuum stage.
The high vacuum stage takes in process gas and transfers it to a second, low vacuum stage that compresses the gas to atmospheric pressure, improving the vacuum performance of the pump.
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