The main difference between a wet pump and a dry pump lies in the lubrication and sealing methods used.
Wet pumps, as the name suggests, use either water or oil for lubrication and sealing. Water-based wet pumps use water, while oil-based pumps use oil. These pumps are commonly used for their low initial cost and minimum maintenance requirements. They provide a rough vacuum and are corrosion resistant. However, they are not suitable for systems sensitive to water vapor, and the disposal of contaminated water is a concern.
On the other hand, dry pumps use PTFE dry polymer seals instead of water or oil. These pumps provide a clean vacuum over the entire vacuum range and require little maintenance. They don't generate any waste materials. Dry pumps have a higher initial cost compared to wet pumps but offer advantages such as long service intervals, low noise levels, and no need for costly oil replacements and disposals. They are suitable for applications where contamination needs to be minimized.
Dry pumps can be further classified into different types such as diaphragm pumps, piston pumps, scroll pumps, and turbomolecular pumps. Each type has its own advantages and applications. For example, scroll pumps can pump both wet and dry materials and are commonly used in research environments and laboratories. They do not require oil for functioning and have a joint spiral mechanism that creates airtightness. However, scroll pumps are prone to dirt and foreign particles, which can cause corrosion along the spiral seal.
In summary, wet pumps use water or oil for lubrication and sealing, while dry pumps use PTFE dry polymer seals. Wet pumps are cost-effective and corrosion resistant but may not be suitable for water vapor sensitive systems. Dry pumps provide a clean vacuum, require less maintenance, and offer advantages such as long service intervals and no oil contamination. However, they have a higher initial cost and may be prone to corrosion in certain types of pumps.
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