When it comes to vacuum pumps, there are two main types: single-stage and two-stage vacuum pumps.
5 Key Points to Know
1. Number of Pump Chambers
A single-stage vacuum pump has one pump chamber.
A two-stage vacuum pump has two pump chambers connected in series.
2. Compression Ratio and Vacuum Level
The main difference between the two is the compression ratio and the vacuum level they can achieve.
3. Single-Stage Vacuum Pump
In a single-stage vacuum pump, the pump chamber directly exhausts to the atmosphere.
It can achieve a rough or low vacuum level, typically up to about 1 millibar of pressure.
This type of pump is commonly used for applications that do not require a high vacuum level, such as general industrial processes.
4. Two-Stage Vacuum Pump
A two-stage vacuum pump utilizes two sets of rotors and vanes.
The first stage, known as the low vacuum stage, takes in the process gas and transfers it to the second stage, known as the high vacuum stage.
The high vacuum stage compresses the gas to atmospheric pressure, resulting in a better vacuum level.
Two-stage vacuum pumps can achieve higher vacuum levels, typically in the range of 10^-3 to 10^-4 millibar.
5. Applications and Preferred Use
Two-stage vacuum pumps are preferred in industrial applications where a higher vacuum level is necessary, such as in the production of ultra-high vacuum (UHV) levels.
UHV vacuum levels are characterized by pressures lower than about 100 nanopascal (10^-7 pascal, 10^-9 mbar, ~10^-9 torr).
These vacuum levels are typically required in industries such as semiconductor manufacturing, research laboratories, and vacuum coating.
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