Bio-oil and biochar are both products of biomass pyrolysis, a process where biomass is heated in the absence of oxygen.
The primary differences between bio-oil and biochar lie in their physical properties, chemical composition, and applications.
5 Key Points to Understand the Difference Between Bio-oil and Biochar
1. Physical Properties
Bio-oil is a dense, complex mixture of oxygenated organic compounds.
It is typically dark brown or black in color.
Bio-oil has a density greater than 1 kg/L.
2. Chemical Composition
Bio-oil has a lower heating value compared to petroleum-based fuels, ranging from 15-22 MJ/kg.
It is thermally unstable and difficult to distill or further refine.
3. Applications of Bio-oil
Bio-oil can be upgraded to renewable transportation fuels.
It can also be used as boiler fuel.
Its high density makes it more cost-effective to transport than raw biomass.
4. Physical Properties of Biochar
Biochar is a solid by-product of pyrolysis.
It contains carbon and non-volatile components of the biomass.
Biochar is highly absorbent.
5. Applications of Biochar
Biochar serves as an excellent soil amendment, enhancing soil fertility, water retention, and nutrient retention.
It helps in sequestering carbon, thereby mitigating climate change.
Biochar's application in soil can improve soil quality, reduce nitrogen leaching, and potentially decrease emissions of greenhouse gases like nitrous oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide.
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