The standard sieves for ASTM are specified in ASTM E11 and ISO 3310-1 standards, which detail the specifications for woven wire sieves. These sieves can effectively separate particles ranging from 150mm (6in) to 5µm (0.0002in) using appropriate test methods. The separation medium for most sieves is metal or synthetic woven wire mesh, with a range of opening sizes from 125mm to 20µm (5.0in to No.635). ASTM E2427 provides methods to check the performance accuracy of these sieves using standard reference materials (SRMs) or user-prepared reference samples.
Sieve Construction and Materials: Sieves are constructed using woven wire mesh, perforated metal plates, or electroformed mesh. The choice of material depends on the specific requirements of the sample being tested. Metal and synthetic woven wire mesh are commonly used due to their durability and precision in defining the size of the openings.
Selecting the Right Sieve: The selection of a sieve is determined by the industry-standard test methods or the operator's discretion, based on the specific needs of the sample. It is crucial to choose a sieve that matches the size of the particles being tested to ensure accurate results.
Accuracy and Maintenance: ASTM E2427 outlines procedures for verifying the accuracy of sieves using SRMs, which are glass beads measured and sampled on equipment traceable to NIST. By comparing the performance of a working sieve with a reference sieve, the accuracy of the working sieve can be determined. This method also helps in monitoring the sieve's performance over time, indicating when it should be taken out of service due to wear.
Standard vs. Inspection Sieves: Compliance sieves, which are standard off-the-shelf sieves, have a statistical confidence level of 66% that their opening sizes and wire diameters meet ASTM/ISO requirements. These are suitable for applications requiring a standard degree of accuracy. Inspection sieves, on the other hand, undergo more rigorous testing and have a 99% confidence level, making them suitable for applications requiring a higher level of accuracy or documentation of accuracy.
In summary, the standard sieves for ASTM are designed to handle a wide range of particle sizes and are constructed from various materials to suit different testing needs. Their accuracy is maintained and verified through the use of standard reference materials, ensuring reliable results in particle size analysis.
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