A diffusion vacuum pump is a type of vacuum pump that operates without any moving parts.
It uses the vapor of a boiling fluid to capture and remove air molecules from a chamber.
This allows it to achieve high vacuum levels ranging from 10^-2 to 10^-10 torr.
Diffusion pumps are different from mechanical pumps, which use physical mechanisms like pistons or fins to displace air.
These pumps are classified as fluid entrainment pumps.
In this type of pump, the working fluid's vapor acts to entrap air molecules.
The air molecules are then directed and cooled, releasing them at a different location.
This process is crucial in various industrial applications such as electron-beam microscopy, vacuum deposition, coatings, and vacuum furnaces.
5 Key Points to Understand
1. Operation Without Moving Parts
Diffusion vacuum pumps operate without any moving parts.
This is a significant difference from mechanical pumps, which rely on physical mechanisms.
2. Use of Boiling Fluid Vapor
These pumps use the vapor of a boiling fluid to capture and remove air molecules.
This method allows them to achieve high vacuum levels.
3. Fluid Entrainment Process
The working fluid's vapor entraps air molecules.
These molecules are then directed and cooled, releasing them at a different location.
4. Crucial in Industrial Applications
Diffusion pumps are essential in various industrial applications.
These include electron-beam microscopy, vacuum deposition, coatings, and vacuum furnaces.
5. Combination with Other Pumps
In vacuum systems, diffusion pumps are often used with other types of pumps.
Mechanical or rotary vane pumps are typically used for initial pumpdown.
Diffusion pumps are employed for achieving pressures lower than what mechanical pumps alone can generate.
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