A tablet punching machine is also known as a tablet compression machine, tablet press machine, tablet making machine, or tablet machine. It is a mechanical device used to compress a mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and excipients into uniform and predetermined size, shape, and weight of tablets.
There are two main types of tablet presses: single punch tablet presses and rotary tablet presses.
Single punch tablet presses, also known as eccentric or single station presses, have a single station of tooling that includes a pair of upper and lower punches and a die. The lower punch remains stationary while the upper punch exerts the compression force to create the tablets. These presses are categorized as a stamping process.
Rotary tablet presses, on the other hand, contain multiple tooling stations. As the turret in which these stations are installed rotates, the punches move between a set of upper and lower compression rolls that exert enough compression to form uniform tablets in large quantities. In this type of press, both the upper and lower punches move and the tablet compression occurs between the two. Rotary presses are categorized as a type of accordion compression.
Tablet punching machines are widely used in the pharmaceutical, chemical, food, and metallurgy industries. They can be used for research and development purposes in labs, as well as for small-scale production. These machines operate automatically, with features such as high precision filling, low noise, low material consumption, and smooth operation.
The parts of a tablet punching machine include the hopper (area that holds the powder mixture), die cavity (where compression occurs), punches (components that compress the powder mixture), dosing plow (pushes a precise amount of product into the die cavity), and ejection cam (pushes the finished tablet out of the die cavity). Rotary tablet presses have additional parts such as upper and lower cam tracks.
In order to maintain the efficacy and longevity of tablet punching machines, regular maintenance and replacement of wear parts is necessary. Parts like punches and dies are particularly important as they determine the size, shape, appearance, weight, thickness, and hardness of the tablets. High-quality tooling and preventive maintenance programs are critical for ensuring the quality and performance of the machine.
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