When it comes to analyzing the composition of materials, two common techniques are Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF).
5 Key Points to Understand
1. Application and Scale of Analysis
EDS is used for micro-area composition analysis. It is often coupled with electron microscopes to analyze very small areas, typically within the range of 1 μm.
2. Method of Detection
EDS works by bombarding a sample with electron beams in a vacuum. This stimulates the emission of characteristic X-rays that can be used to identify and quantify elements from B to U in the periodic table.
3. Detection Limits and Accuracy
EDS is particularly effective for qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis. It has a detection limit of 0.1%-0.5% and a quantitative error of about 2% for elements with medium atomic numbers.
4. Non-Destructive Testing
XRF is a non-destructive testing method used for bulk analysis of materials. It utilizes radiation to excite atoms in a sample, causing them to emit secondary X-rays that are characteristic of the elements present.
5. Versatility and Industry Applications
XRF is widely used in various fields such as material science, geology, and environmental analysis. It provides a nearly complete chemical composition without damaging the sample. XRF can be further classified into Energy Dispersive XRF (ED-XRF) and Wavelength Dispersive XRF (WD-XRF), with the latter offering higher resolution but being more complex and expensive.
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