Tungsten is highly heat resistant due to its unique combination of properties.
Firstly, tungsten has the lowest coefficient of thermal expansion among all pure metals. This means that it expands very little when heated, which helps it maintain its shape and structural integrity at high temperatures.
Secondly, tungsten has a very high melting point of 3420ºC (6187ºF), which is the highest among all pure metals. This high melting point allows tungsten to withstand extreme temperatures without melting or deforming.
Additionally, tungsten has a high tensile strength and high hot strength, which means it can withstand mechanical stress and maintain its structural integrity even at high temperatures. It also has a low vapor pressure, which means it does not easily evaporate or degrade when exposed to high temperatures.
Tungsten also has a low thermal expansion and high thermal conductivity, allowing it to efficiently transfer heat without expanding or deforming. Its high thermal conductivity also helps to distribute heat evenly and prevent localized hot spots.
Furthermore, tungsten exhibits high corrosion resistance against acids and molten metals, making it suitable for use in harsh environments.
The heat resistance of tungsten is also attributed to its strong metallic bonds formed between tungsten atoms by the 5d electrons. These strong bonds contribute to the material's stability and ability to withstand high temperatures.
Overall, the combination of low thermal expansion, high melting point, high tensile strength, low vapor pressure, high thermal conductivity, and strong metallic bonds make tungsten highly resistant to heat.
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