Nitrogen gas is characterized by its low moisture content, low oxygen levels, and its use as an inert gas in various industrial processes. It is typically delivered at very low dew points, indicating a high degree of dryness. Nitrogen is often used in mixtures with other gases, particularly hydrogen, to create specific atmospheres suitable for different heat treatment processes.
Physical Properties of Nitrogen Gas:
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Low Moisture Content: Nitrogen gas derived from liquid sources typically has a moisture content of less than 1.5 ppm, which corresponds to a dew point of -73°C. This low moisture content is crucial for preventing condensation and maintaining the integrity of the materials being treated in industrial processes.
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Low Oxygen Levels: The oxygen content in nitrogen gas is usually kept below 3 ppm. This is important for creating an inert atmosphere that prevents oxidation and other chemical reactions that could alter the properties of the materials being treated.
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Inert Nature: Although not truly inert, nitrogen is often classified as such due to its low reactivity with other chemical compounds. This makes it suitable for use in heat treatment processes where the material must maintain specific characteristics without undergoing chemical changes.
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Use in Mixtures: Nitrogen is frequently used in mixtures with hydrogen, with common blends being 90% nitrogen and 10% hydrogen. These mixtures are used to create specific atmospheres for processes like hardening, decarburizing, and carburizing, where the balance of gases is critical to the outcome of the treatment.
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High Purity Applications: In certain industries, such as semiconductor manufacturing, high-quality nitrogen with a purity of ≥99.9995% and a dew point below -65 °C is required. This high level of purity ensures that no impurities interfere with the sensitive processes involved.
Applications of Nitrogen Gas:
Nitrogen gas is widely used in metal heat treatment, powder metallurgy, and various other industrial processes. It serves as a protective gas in annealing and sintering, and it is also used in nitriding processes and as a purging gas. Its ability to create a controlled atmosphere is essential in preventing oxidation and other unwanted chemical reactions during these processes.
In summary, nitrogen gas is valued for its low moisture and oxygen content, its inert nature, and its versatility in creating specific gas atmospheres for various industrial applications. Its physical properties make it an indispensable component in many heat treatment and metallurgical processes.
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