Dental ceramic materials are inorganic, non-metallic substances used in various dental applications.
These materials are typically composed of a combination of one or more metals with a non-metallic element, usually oxygen.
They are produced by heating raw minerals at high temperatures, resulting in a hardened and durable material.
7 Key Types and Their Uses
1. Feldspar-Based Ceramics
Feldspar-based ceramics are traditional ceramics composed of feldspar, quartz, and kaolin.
These ceramics are commonly used in dental restorations such as crowns, bridges, and inlays.
2. Resin Composites
Resin composites are another type of dental ceramic material used for repairing and rebuilding teeth.
They are preferred for their aesthetic properties and because they do not contain mercury like dental amalgams.
Resin composites consist of a resin binder and a ceramic filler, which is usually pulverized quartz or silica.
However, resin composites may have limitations in terms of longevity and durability compared to dental amalgams.
3. Metal Ceramics
Metal ceramics are alloys used in dental restorations.
They involve porcelain fused onto a metal base, providing both aesthetic properties and mechanical strength.
Metal ceramics are known for their permanent aesthetic quality, as the connection between the masking ceramic and the metal is solid, minimizing color changes over time.
4. Zirconia
Zirconia is a type of dental ceramic material made up of tiny white crystals known as zirconia crystals.
It is often referred to as "white gold" due to its strength and durability.
Zirconia is used in various dental restorations and is particularly favored for its biocompatibility and improved aesthetic properties.
5. Dental Furnaces
To process dental ceramic materials into their final hardened state, dental furnaces are used.
These furnaces employ high temperatures and pressures to achieve the desired hardness and finish of the ceramics.
Modern dental furnaces are microprocessor-controlled, allowing for programmability and precise execution of different heating and cooling cycles.
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