PVD coating is made of various materials, including titanium, zirconium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, and gold, among others. These materials are used to create thin film coatings, typically ranging from 0.5 microns to 5 microns in thickness. The process of PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) involves the physical deposition of these materials in a vapor state onto a substrate, which can be made of nylon, plastics, glass, ceramics, or metals like stainless steel and aluminum.
The PVD process enhances the properties of the materials, making them harder, more wear-resistant, and better at resisting corrosion. It also improves their thermal and chemical stability while reducing their coefficient of friction and tendencies to jam, clog, stick, corrode, and oxidize. This is achieved through various PVD techniques such as thermal evaporation, sputter deposition, and ion plating, where the coating material is either heated until it vaporizes, sputtered from a target, or plated using ionized particles, respectively.
The applications of PVD coatings are diverse, ranging from providing wear protection (e.g., TiN coatings) to enhancing the appearance of products and improving their functionality in various industries. Common uses include electronic circuitry, optics, gas turbine blades, and machine tools. The versatility of PVD coatings lies in their ability to be combined with friction-reducing layers, their variable layer structures (nanostructures, multilayer, monolayer), and their excellent adhesion to substrates, ensuring very good dimensional and contour accuracy without affecting the microstructure of the substrate material.
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