Graphite is a material known for its exceptional thermal properties.
Its thermal conductivity ranges from approximately 800 to 2000 W/(m·K).
This high thermal conductivity makes graphite a popular choice for various thermal applications.
The heat in graphite is conducted through phonons, which are responsible for transferring heat energy.
The rigidity of the graphite lattice contributes to its high thermal conductivity and also enhances its hardness.
What is the Thermal Conductivity of Graphite? (5 Key Points Explained)
1. High Thermal Conductivity
Graphite's thermal conductivity is approximately 800-2000 W/(m·K).
This high conductivity makes it ideal for various thermal applications.
2. Heat Transfer Mechanism
Heat is conducted in graphite through phonons.
Phonons are responsible for transferring heat energy within the material.
3. Structural Rigidity
The rigidity of the graphite lattice contributes to its high thermal conductivity.
This rigidity also enhances the material's hardness.
4. Temperature and Oxidation
Graphite is oxygen-sensitive and should not be exposed to air at elevated temperatures.
Oxidation starts around 500°C (932°F), leading to a loss of mass and structural failure.
In a controlled environment with low pressures, graphite can be used up to 2450°C (4442°F) at pressures down to 10-2 torr.
5. Thermal Applications
Graphite heating elements are designed with thicker dimensions compared to other materials.
This design allows for increased current flow, but they must be operated at reduced voltage and higher current to ensure proper power rating.
Graphite furnaces can operate at temperatures of up to 3000°C in inert gas or 2200°C in a vacuum.
These furnaces utilize high-purity carbon composite heating elements, providing excellent temperature uniformity, longevity, mechanical strength, and repeatability.
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