Jewelers use various tools and methods to test diamonds, including magnification, electrical conductivity tests, and thermal conductivity probes. These tools help distinguish real diamonds from imitations and synthetic diamonds.
Magnification: Jewelers often use magnifying lenses to inspect diamonds closely. This allows them to detect blemishes, inclusions, and scratches that might affect a diamond's value. The increased magnification helps in identifying fake diamonds by revealing anomalies that are not present in genuine diamonds.
Electrical Conductivity Tests: These tests are particularly useful in differentiating diamonds from moissanite, which can be challenging to distinguish using traditional heat-based diamond testers. An electrical conductivity tester measures the electrical conductivity of the diamond, a property that varies significantly between real diamonds and simulants like moissanite.
Thermal Conductivity Probes: These are widely used in gemological centers to separate diamonds from imitations. The probe consists of a pair of battery-powered thermistors mounted in a fine copper tip. One thermistor heats up, and the other measures the temperature of the tip. If the stone is a diamond, it will conduct the thermal energy rapidly, causing a measurable temperature drop. This test is quick, taking only two to three seconds.
In addition to these, laboratories use advanced techniques such as spectroscopy, microscopy, and luminescence under shortwave ultraviolet light to determine a diamond's origin and authenticity. Instruments like the DiamondSure and DiamondView, developed by De Beers and marketed by the GIA, are used for screening and identifying diamonds.
These methods and tools collectively provide a comprehensive approach to testing diamonds, ensuring their authenticity and quality.
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