The brazing temperature for aluminum is typically between 580-620°C (1076-1148°F). This temperature range is necessary to melt the filler metal, which is usually an aluminum-silicon alloy with a composition that includes about 11.7% silicon, forming a eutectic system with a eutectic temperature of 577°C. At these temperatures, the filler metal melts and flows into the gaps between the aluminum components to be joined, without causing the base aluminum material to melt. After the filler metal has sufficiently filled the gaps, the assembly is cooled, allowing the filler metal to solidify and form a strong joint.
The choice of brazing temperature is critical as it must be high enough to melt the filler metal but not so high as to damage the base aluminum material or cause it to melt. The temperature should also be maintained long enough to ensure uniform heating across all parts of the assembly, typically between 5 and 10 minutes, depending on the size and complexity of the components being brazed. This ensures that the filler metal fully penetrates and bonds with the base material, creating a durable and reliable joint.
In vacuum brazing of aluminum, the parts are heated to temperatures ranging from 575-590°C (1070-1100°F), depending on the specific alloy being used. Maintaining a vacuum environment in the furnace is crucial to prevent oxidation and ensure the quality of the brazed joint. The temperature uniformity within the furnace is also very important, typically requiring a precision of ±5.5°C (±10°F) or better, which is achieved by using multiple-zone temperature-controlled furnaces.
Overall, the brazing temperature for aluminum is carefully controlled to balance the need for melting the filler metal while preserving the integrity of the base aluminum components. This careful control ensures the formation of strong, reliable joints that meet the requirements of various industrial applications.
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