The KBr pellet method is a technique used for the analysis of solid samples in infrared spectroscopy. This method involves the preparation of a pellet made from a mixture of potassium bromide (KBr) and the sample of interest. The method is based on the property of alkali halides, such as KBr, to become plastic under pressure and form transparent sheets that are suitable for infrared analysis.
Summary of the KBr Pellet Method: The KBr pellet method is utilized to analyze solid samples in infrared spectroscopy. It involves mixing the sample with KBr powder, pressing the mixture into a pellet, and analyzing the pellet's infrared spectrum.
Detailed Explanation:
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Preparation of the Pellet:
- The first step in the KBr pellet method is the preparation of the pellet. Typically, 200-300 mg of KBr and 1 mg of the sample are mixed together. This mixture is then thoroughly blended using a mortar and pestle or a grinding mill to ensure an even distribution of the sample within the KBr.
- The sample-to-KBr ratio is crucial; it should be in the range of 0.2 to 1 percent. This low concentration is necessary because the pellet is thicker than a liquid film, requiring less sample to avoid absorption or scattering issues that could lead to noisy spectra.
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Formation of the Pellet:
- The blended mixture is poured into a hole in a stainless steel (SS) collar. A shorter anvil is inserted first, followed by a longer anvil. The assembly is then placed in a press handle.
- Pressure is applied to the sample by squeezing the handle. This pressure, typically around 8 tons, is sufficient to form a clear, transparent pellet.
- After the pressure is released, the pellet is retained within the collar. It is then placed in a V-shaped sample holder that fits standard slide mounts of spectrometers.
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Analysis and Use:
- The prepared pellet is analyzed using infrared spectroscopy. The transparency of the pellet allows for the transmission of infrared radiation, enabling the detection of the sample's spectral characteristics.
- After analysis, the pellet can be rinsed out of the collar with water or ejected and saved for further use or analysis.
Review and Correction: The provided information is accurate and well-explained. There are no factual errors or inconsistencies in the description of the KBr pellet method. The method is clearly detailed, from the preparation of the pellet to its use in infrared spectroscopy, ensuring that the reader can understand and replicate the process.
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