The process of pelleting biomass involves several steps.
1. Raw Material Pre-treatment: Before the pelleting process, the raw materials need to be prepared. This includes adjusting the length and moisture content of the materials. The length should generally be no more than 6mm, and if it is over 8mm, the materials should be crushed first. The moisture content should be controlled under 12%.
2. Mixing the Raw Materials: The raw materials need to be uniformly and completely mixed before the pelleting process. This ensures the pelleting efficiency and the quality of the final pellets.
3. Pelleting the Raw Materials: Pelleting is the core part of the process. The raw materials are compressed and shaped into pellets. This is done through a pellet mill, which applies pressure to the materials to make them dense and uniform. The size of the die and the roller of the pellet mill play a crucial role in this process. The flat die pellet mill is commonly used, as it allows for the size of the die to be adjusted, increasing the operating room of the machine. The ring die pellet mill, on the other hand, has a fixed mold size. It is important to choose the appropriate pellet mill based on the size and characteristics of the raw materials.
4. Sieving the Wood Pellets: After the pelleting process, the pellets need to be screened to remove fines and other unqualified products. This ensures the quality and purity of the final pellets.
5. Cooling the Wood Pellets: The pellets are cooled after the pelleting process, as they come out at a high temperature. Cooling helps to dry any remaining moisture in the pellets and makes them suitable for storage and transportation. Properly cooled pellets have a high quality with reasonable moisture content, hardness, and low ash content.
6. Packaging the Final Wood Pellets: The final pellets are packaged to ensure their high quality and facilitate storage and transportation.
Overall, the process of pelleting biomass involves preparing the raw materials, mixing them, pelleting them using a pellet mill, sieving the pellets, cooling them, and finally packaging them. This process allows for the conversion of biomass into densified and uniform pellets that can be used as a renewable source of energy.
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