Pyrolysis of waste tyres is a process that involves heating tyres in a sealed reactor under controlled conditions.
This process breaks down the rubber polymers into smaller molecules.
These smaller molecules are then converted into various useful products such as fuel oil, uncondensable gas, carbon black, and steel wire.
5 Key Steps in the Pyrolysis Process of Waste Tyres
1. Feeding
Waste tyres are shredded into small pieces and fed into a sealed reactor.
The pieces are typically 3-5 cm in size.
These pieces are automatically fed into the pyrolysis reactor using a sealed screw conveyor.
This step ensures safety and environmental protection.
The feeding process is fully controlled by a PLC system, which also helps in reducing labor and time costs.
2. Heating
The reactor is heated using various fuels such as fuel oil, natural gas, wood, or LPG.
The PLC system controls the temperature to ensure that the tyres reach the optimal pyrolytic temperature.
The optimal temperature is crucial for the efficient breakdown of rubber polymers.
3. Pyrolysis
Once the temperature in the reactor reaches between 260°C and 280°C, the rubber in the tyres begins to soften and then disintegrate into smaller molecules.
These molecules vaporize and exit the reactor as gases.
This step is critical as it directly affects the quality and quantity of the end products.
4. Condensation
The gases produced during pyrolysis are passed through a condenser where they are cooled.
The condensable gases turn into liquid fuel oil, which is stored.
Some gases, however, do not condense and can be used directly as fuel.
5. Solid Residue Collection
The non-volatile components of the tyres, such as carbon black and steel wire, remain in the reactor as solids.
These are collected and can be further processed or used directly in various industries.
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