A graphite furnace is more sensitive than a flame atomizer.
This is because the atom vapor is confined within the furnace tube.
This allows for a much greater population of atoms to be present compared to flame operation.
As a result, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS) has significantly lower limits of detection compared to flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (Flame AAS).
5 Key Reasons Why a Graphite Furnace is More Sensitive
1. High Temperature Atomization
In a graphite furnace, the atom vapor is heated to high temperatures, up to 3000°C in inert gas or 2200°C in a vacuum.
This high temperature allows for better atomization and excitation of the analyte atoms, leading to higher sensitivity.
2. Excellent Temperature Uniformity
The graphite heating elements used in the furnace are designed to provide excellent temperature uniformity, longevity, mechanical strength, and repeatability.
3. Cleaner Environment
The graphite furnace provides a cleaner environment with low outgassing rates, making it suitable for carbon-sensitive or oxygen-sensitive materials.
4. Cost-Effective Design
The graphite design is usually cheaper and more robust compared to all-metal hot zones.
5. Mitigated Disadvantages
While graphite tends to absorb vapors and release micro-particles, potentially leading to contamination, these disadvantages can be mitigated through proper design and maintenance.
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