Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is a specialized sintering technique.
It uses pulsed electric current along with mechanical pressure, electric field, and thermal field.
This method enhances the bonding and densification of materials, especially ceramics and nanomaterials.
SPS is different from traditional hot pressing because of its rapid heating rates and the use of electric current to facilitate sintering.
Is Spark Plasma Sintering a Type of Plasma Sintering? 4 Key Points to Understand
1. Technique Overview
Spark plasma sintering is also known as field-assisted sintering technique (FAST) or pulsed electric current sintering (PECS).
It involves using an electric field and thermal field to assist in the sintering process.
This technique is particularly useful for materials that need precise control over their microstructure, like ceramics and nanomaterials.
2. Process Details
The SPS process involves placing the material in a die and applying mechanical pressure.
Simultaneously, a pulsed electric current is passed through the material.
This current generates Joule heat, which rapidly heats the material, often achieving heating rates of up to 1000°C/min.
This rapid heating helps to inhibit particle growth and allows for the creation of materials with specific, controlled properties.
3. Advantages
Rapid Heating: The use of pulsed electric current allows for extremely fast heating, which significantly reduces processing time compared to traditional sintering methods.
Enhanced Sintering Mechanisms: The electric current can activate various sintering mechanisms such as surface oxide removal, electromigration, and electroplasticity, leading to improved densification and bonding between particles.
Versatility: SPS is capable of processing a wide range of materials, including nanostructured materials, composites, and gradient materials, making it a versatile tool in material science.
4. Applications
Spark plasma sintering is particularly beneficial for the preparation of high-tech ceramics and nanomaterials.
It is also used in the development of composites and materials with gradient properties, which are essential in various high-performance applications.
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