Slow pyrolysis is a process where biomass is heated to produce charcoal. The temperature range for this process typically falls between 400°C and 800°C. This range is carefully selected to ensure the best quality of charcoal, balancing its volatile content and ignition properties.
4 Key Factors Explained
1. Temperature Range
The temperature for slow pyrolysis usually ranges from 400°C to 800°C. This range is crucial for maximizing the yield of charcoal while maintaining its desired properties.
2. Slow Heating Process
In slow pyrolysis, biomass is heated slowly, allowing for extended residence times for both solids and gases. This slow heating is essential for effective devolatilization, leading to the production of tar and char.
3. Volatile Content
The temperature is controlled to ensure that the charcoal retains about 10% of its original volatile content. This is vital for its use as a household fuel. Temperatures rarely exceed 400-450°C to prevent a decrease in volatile content and potential degradation of fuel properties.
4. Repolymerization and Recombination Reactions
The process involves repolymerization and recombination reactions after primary reactions. These reactions are influenced by factors like temperature, pressure, and the residence times of volatiles in the heated zone. The optimal temperature depends on the specific application of the charcoal, with lower temperatures generally yielding higher charcoal yields but with a higher content of volatiles.
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