The thickness of metal that can be brazed depends on various factors including the type of metal, its composition, and the brazing process used. Generally, brazing can be effectively used on metals with thin to moderately thick cross-sections. The process is particularly suitable for joining parts with varying thicknesses, such as in compact components with multiple junctions or deep joints with restricted access.
For metals that form stable oxides, such as those containing significant amounts of aluminum and titanium, high-vacuum levels (2 x 10^-4 torr or better) are necessary to ensure the oxides do not impede the flow of the brazing filler metal. Techniques like brush nickel plating, chemical etching, and using aggressive braze filler metals with self-fluxing characteristics can improve the brazeability of these materials.
In the case of aluminum alloys, their brazeability is determined by their solidus temperature, which must be higher than the minimum brazing temperature of the filler metal, typically above 600°C (1112°F). Alloys with low magnesium content (below 2%) are generally more suitable for brazing as higher magnesium levels can lead to stable oxide formation, making brazing difficult.
Ideal situations for brazing include joining dissimilar metals, assemblies with numerous joints, and oxidation-sensitive materials. Vacuum aluminum brazing is particularly effective for these applications as it minimizes distortion, is flux-free, and requires no post-braze cleaning.
During the brazing process, it is crucial to apply the braze alloy appropriately to avoid excessive use, especially in thin sections. The brazing temperature should be the lowest possible within the recommended range to ensure optimal flow of the braze alloy and effective bonding without damaging the base materials.
In summary, the thickness of metal that can be brazed effectively ranges from thin to moderately thick sections, with specific considerations for the metal's composition and the techniques used to mitigate oxide formation. Proper application of braze alloy and careful control of brazing temperatures are essential for successful brazing.
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