Graphite has a very high melting point.
It can reach temperatures of more than 3,600°C (6,512°F).
This high melting point is due to the strong covalent bonds in its structure.
These bonds must be broken for the material to melt.
1. High Melting Point Applications
The high melting point of graphite makes it ideal for high-temperature applications.
For example, it is used in crucibles that can withstand temperatures up to 3,000°C (5,472°F).
2. Advantages of High-Purity Graphite
High-purity graphite used in crucibles offers several benefits.
It has enhanced corrosion resistance.
It also has improved strength and stability at higher temperatures.
Its chemical inertness extends its service life.
Graphite crucibles do not react with the substances being melted inside them.
This makes them perfect for melting metals without contamination or damage.
They do not require additional linings for protection against harmful elements like sulfur.
3. Oxygen Sensitivity of Graphite
It is important to note that graphite is sensitive to oxygen.
Oxidation of graphite starts around 500°C (932°F).
This can lead to a loss of mass and structural failure over time.
Graphite can be used at temperatures up to 2,450°C (4,442°F) under low pressure conditions.
However, at higher pressures, the maximum temperature limit decreases.
4. Mechanical Stability of Graphite Heating Elements
To ensure mechanical stability, graphite heating elements are thicker than those made of other materials.
The increased cross-sectional area allows for increased current flow.
This compensates for the decrease in electrical resistance.
Graphite heating elements must be run at reduced voltage and higher current to ensure proper power rating.
5. General Properties of Graphite
In general, graphite is a chemically inert and temperature-resistant material.
It resists thermal shock, oxidation, and abrasions well.
It maintains its structure and form even at temperatures as high as 5,000°F.
This makes graphite suitable for use in ovens, furnaces, and high-heat processes.
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