There are several types of pelletizer machines, primarily categorized into large-scale and small-scale types, with further distinctions based on the type of die used (flat die or ring die). The choice of pelletizer machine can also depend on the power source and the need for auxiliary equipment.
Large-scale Pellet Mills: Large-scale pellet mills are typically used for commercial production and are further divided into flat die mills and ring die mills.
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Flat Die Mills: These machines use a flat die with slots. The powdered material is introduced to the top of the die, and as the die rotates, a roller presses the powder through the slots. A cutter on the other side of the die then cuts the exposed pellet free.
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Ring Die Mills: In these mills, the die has radial slots throughout. The powder is fed into the inside of the die and is evenly distributed by spreaders. Two rollers then compress the powder through the die holes, and two cutters are used to cut the pellets free from the outside of the die.
Large-scale pellet mills are commonly used for producing animal feed, wood pellets, and fuel pellets for use in pellet stoves.
Small-scale Pellet Mills: Small-scale pellet mills are designed for smaller operations and may vary in their power sources, including electric motor, diesel engine, gasoline engine, and PTO (Power Take-Off). These machines are suitable for individual or small business needs and can be chosen based on the specific requirements and available resources.
Auxiliary Equipment: For larger pellet production lines or those making pellets for sale, auxiliary equipment such as hammer mills, dryers, and pellet coolers may be necessary. Hammer mills are used to pulverize or crush large-size raw materials, dryers are used to dry raw materials with moisture content higher than 15%, and pellet coolers are used to cool the hot pellets.
Pelletizing Processes: The principle behind pelletizing processes is to gather fine solid particles to form larger pellets. There are two main methods:
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Wet Agglomeration: This method involves adding a binding liquid (usually water or chemical agents) and using mechanical action in a device like a pelletizing disc or granulator mixer to form pellets without compression.
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Compression Methods: These involve compressing the powder through die holes to form pellets, as seen in both flat die and ring die mills.
Choosing the right pelletizer machine involves considering the scale of production, the type of material to be processed, the power source availability, and the need for additional equipment. It is also crucial to work with a reliable manufacturer to ensure the longevity and efficiency of the machine.
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