The three stages of sintering are:
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Initial Stage: In this stage, the metal powder is heated to a temperature that induces the formation of crystalline structures but is not high enough to completely melt the particles. This stage involves partial melting and consolidation of the materials, often through pressing or the use of 3D printing lasers. Cold welds may be used to join the particles, providing initial strength for the subsequent stages.
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Intermediate Process (Sintering Process): This stage involves the controlled heating of the compacted material in a sintering furnace. The temperature is regulated to facilitate particle bonding without complete melting. During this heating, particles undergo diffusion, leading to the formation of necks between particles and densification. This process is crucial for achieving the desired mechanical properties and density of the final product.
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Final Stage: The final stage involves cooling the sintered product, allowing it to solidify into a rigid and cohesive structure. This cooling process must be controlled to prevent defects and ensure the integrity of the material's structure.
Each stage of the sintering process is critical in achieving the desired properties of the final sintered product, such as strength, hardness, and temperature conductivity. The precise control of temperature and time during each stage is essential for the successful sintering of materials.
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