Induction heating is a process that uses electromagnetic induction to heat metal without direct contact. It involves the use of high frequency generators to generate an alternating current (AC) that is passed through a coil surrounding the metal workpiece. This current creates a magnetic field, which induces eddy currents within the metal. These eddy currents generate heat due to the resistance of the metal, resulting in efficient and uniform heating.
An electric induction furnace is a type of furnace that utilizes electromagnetic induction for heating metal. It operates at frequencies generally ranging from 150 to 8000 Hz, which is considered medium frequency. This type of furnace is also known as a medium frequency electric furnace. It is commonly used in various applications such as medium frequency heating, melting, quenching, tempering, and even in vacuum induction processes.
In an induction melting furnace, electromagnetic induction is used to generate electric currents inside the material being heated. The energy of these eddy currents is utilized for heating purposes. The furnace typically consists of an inductor wound with a hollow copper tube, where the workpiece is placed. When the workpiece is exposed to the intermediate or high-frequency alternating current, induced currents of the same frequency are formed on its surface. This results in rapid surface heating of the part, which can reach temperatures of up to 800 to 1000 degrees Celsius within seconds.
Induction heating furnaces, in general, are specialized heat treatment equipment that uses electromagnetic induction to heat conductive materials. Unlike traditional heating methods that rely on direct contact, induction heating creates an electromagnetic field that directly induces heat into the workpiece. In these furnaces, an alternating current is passed through a copper coil, creating a powerful electromagnetic field. When a conductive material is placed within this field, eddy currents are induced within the material, generating heat. This internal heat production ensures efficient and uniform heating of the workpiece.
Electric high-frequency induction furnaces operate based on the principles used in transformer design. The primary winding of the furnace is wound around it and connected to an AC electrical supply. The charge inside the furnace acts as the secondary winding and utilizes induced current to heat up the charge. The primary coils are designed as hollow tubes through which water circulates to cool them to the appropriate temperature limits. Heat is generated by the eddy currents flowing concentrically, producing a high-frequency supply typically ranging from 500 Hz to 1000 Hz. The furnace's structure is protected by a laminated core, and energy is transferred to the heated object through electromagnetic induction.
In summary, induction heating and high-frequency induction furnaces utilize electromagnetic induction to heat metal without direct contact. Induction heating involves the use of high-frequency generators to create a magnetic field, inducing eddy currents and resulting in efficient heating. Electric induction furnaces, including medium frequency and high-frequency variants, utilize electromagnetic induction for various heating applications, such as melting, quenching, and tempering of metals.
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