The main difference between an electric oven and a muffle furnace is their purpose and the temperature they can reach.
An electric oven is a kitchen appliance used for baking and roasting food. It is typically made of brick or metal and is designed for cooking large quantities of food at a time. Ovens operate at lower temperatures and are commonly used for drying materials in sample preparation or for moisture content determinations.
On the other hand, a muffle furnace is a heating device used for high-temperature applications such as loss-on-ignition, ashing, or other material testing. Muffle furnaces operate at much higher temperatures, with a maximum temperature reaching up to 1,473 K (1,200 °C; 2,192 °F). They are usually in the shape of barrels and are made of high-temperature materials with heating devices. Muffle furnaces provide radiant heat to the surrounding substances instead of convection, making them suitable for experimental research or heat treatment of materials at high temperatures.
Another difference is the construction of the two appliances. Ovens are typically built for kitchen use and are designed with features such as racks, timers, and temperature controls for cooking food. Muffle furnaces, on the other hand, have a cylindrical chamber and sliding doors at both ends, allowing for easy access to the heated chamber.
In summary, the main differences between an electric oven and a muffle furnace are their temperature capabilities, purpose, and construction. Ovens are used for cooking food at lower temperatures, while muffle furnaces are used for high-temperature material testing or heat treatment.
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