The sheet resistance of CVD graphene varies depending on the number of layers and the specific conditions of synthesis. For single-layer undoped graphene, the sheet resistance is approximately 6 kΩ with 98% transparency. However, when synthesized using CVD on a copper substrate, the sheet resistance can be as low as 350 Ω/sq with 90% transparency. This improvement in the transparency/Rsheet ratio demonstrates the advancements in CVD graphene for use as transparent conductive films. As more layers of graphene are added, the sheet resistance generally decreases, although it is theoretically expected to remain constant if the layers behave independently.
Explanation:
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Single-Layer Undoped Graphene: The reference states that undoped single-layer graphene has a sheet resistance of approximately 6 kΩ. This high resistance is due to the intrinsic properties of single-layer graphene, which, despite its excellent conductivity, exhibits a higher resistance when used as a transparent electrode due to its atomic thinness and lack of doping.
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CVD Graphene on Copper Substrate: When graphene is grown by CVD on a copper substrate, the sheet resistance significantly decreases to 350 Ω/sq. This reduction is attributed to the optimized growth conditions and the use of a substrate that facilitates better graphene formation. The 90% transparency maintained at this lower resistance is a significant improvement, making it suitable for applications requiring both conductivity and transparency, such as in displays and solar cells.
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Effect of Layers: The sheet resistance of graphene decreases with the addition of more layers. This is because each additional layer provides more conductive pathways, reducing the overall resistance. Theoretically, if the layers are independent (i.e., they do not interact significantly), the sheet resistance should remain constant regardless of the number of layers, as each layer contributes equally to the conductivity. However, in practice, interactions between layers and other factors can affect this behavior.
In summary, the sheet resistance of CVD graphene can be tailored through the number of layers and the conditions of synthesis, with values ranging from 6 kΩ for single-layer undoped graphene to 350 Ω/sq for CVD graphene on a copper substrate. This variability makes CVD graphene a versatile material for various electronic and optoelectronic applications.
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