Graphite is known for its notably high conductivity.
Its electrical conductivity is approximately 4 times higher than stainless steel and 2 times higher than carbon steel.
This high conductivity is due to graphite's unique structure.
Carbon atoms in graphite are arranged in layers that are weakly bonded to each other.
This arrangement allows for easy movement of electrons.
5 Key Insights
1. Anisotropic Conductivity
Graphite's electrical conductivity is anisotropic.
This means it varies depending on the direction of the current flow relative to the graphite's structure.
In the direction parallel to the layers (molding axis), the electrical conductivity is higher.
This is because electrons move easily within the carbon layers.
Conversely, perpendicular to the molding axis, the electrical conductivity is lower.
Electrons must move between the layers, which are more tightly bound.
2. Isostatic Graphite
Isostatic graphite is a type of graphite with no preferred molding direction.
It exhibits uniform electrical conductivity regardless of orientation.
This type of graphite is particularly valued for its high and consistent electrical conductivity.
It is suitable for applications requiring uniform electrical properties.
3. Heat Treatment
The high electrical conductivity of graphite is further enhanced by heat treatment.
Heat treatment can be performed up to temperatures of 3000 °C.
This treatment improves the graphite's properties, making it even more conductive.
It is suitable for high-temperature applications.
4. Superior to Metals
Graphite is an excellent conductor of electricity.
Its conductivity is significantly higher than many metals.
The conductivity varies with the direction of electron flow relative to the graphite's structure.
5. Industrial Applications
Isostatic graphite provides uniform conductivity in all directions.
It is ideal for various industrial applications.
Heat treatment can further enhance graphite's conductive properties.
It is a crucial material in numerous high-temperature applications.
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