Transferring graphene from one substrate to another is a crucial process, especially for applications in electronics, sensors, and photovoltaic devices.
A common method involves using a support polymer like Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to facilitate the transfer.
This method ensures that the delicate graphene layer remains undamaged during the process.
5 Steps to Preserve Graphene's Integrity
1. Coating with PMMA
Graphene, initially grown on a metallic substrate, is coated with a thin layer of PMMA.
This polymer layer acts as a protective and supportive layer, ensuring that the delicate graphene sheet remains undamaged during subsequent steps.
2. Etching the Original Substrate
The metallic substrate on which graphene was initially grown is etched away using a suitable etchant.
This process dissolves the metal, leaving behind only the PMMA-coated graphene.
The choice of etchant depends on the type of metal substrate used. For example, a copper etchant is used if the substrate is copper.
3. Cleaning and Transfer
After the metal substrate is removed, the PMMA-coated graphene is cleaned using deionized water to remove any residues.
The clean graphene/PMMA film is then carefully transferred onto the target substrate.
This substrate could be glass, silicon, or a flexible polymer like polyethylene terephthalate (PET), depending on the intended application.
4. Removing PMMA
Once the graphene is securely on the new substrate, the PMMA layer is removed using acetone.
This step leaves behind a clean, undamaged graphene film on the target substrate.
5. Ensuring Integrity
This method of transfer is crucial for applications where the properties of graphene need to be preserved.
The use of PMMA as a support polymer ensures that the transfer process is reliable and minimizes damage to the graphene, thus maintaining its electrical and mechanical properties.
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