Tech Team · Kintek Solution

Tyre pyrolysis oil is manufactured through a process that involves recycling waste tires by breaking them down into useful products such as tire oil, carbon black, steel wire, and gas. The process begins with the preparation of waste tires, which are shredded and separated to remove non-rubber components like steel wires. The rubber is then heated in a pyrolysis reactor under low oxygen conditions, causing the rubber to decompose into smaller molecules. These molecules are then condensed to form liquid tire oil, while other by-products like carbon black and gas are collected. The process is highly dependent on factors such as temperature, reactor design, and the quality of the feedstock.

Key Points Explained:

1. Preparation of Waste Tires:

   • Shredding: Waste tires are first shredded into smaller pieces to facilitate easier processing. This step increases the surface area of the tires, making them more susceptible to thermal decomposition.
   • Magnetic Separation: Steel wires and other metallic components are removed using magnetic separators. This is crucial because these materials can interfere with the pyrolysis process and damage the equipment.

2. Pyrolysis Reactor Heating:

   • Low Oxygen Environment: The shredded rubber is fed into a pyrolysis reactor, which operates in a low oxygen environment to prevent combustion. The absence of oxygen ensures that the rubber undergoes thermal decomposition rather than burning.
   • Heating: The reactor is heated to temperatures typically ranging from 300°C to 900°C. The heat causes the rubber's polymer chains to break down into smaller molecules, a process known as depolymerization.

3. Vaporization and Condensation:

   • Vaporization: As the rubber decomposes, it produces a mixture of gases and vapors. These vapors consist of various hydrocarbons, which are the precursors to the tire oil.
   • Condensation: The vaporized gases are then passed through a condensation system, where they are cooled and liquefied. This liquid is collected as tire pyrolysis oil. The condensation process is critical for separating the oil from non-condensable gases.

4. Collection of By-products:

   • Carbon Black: The solid residue left in the reactor after the pyrolysis process is carbon black, a valuable material used in various industrial applications, including as a reinforcing agent in rubber products.
   • Steel Wire: The steel wires that were removed during the initial separation process are also collected and can be recycled.
   • Non-Condensable Gases: Any gases that do not condense into liquid form are typically recycled back into the combustion chamber to provide additional heat for the pyrolysis process.

5. Factors Influencing the Process:

   • Temperature: The temperature at which the pyrolysis process occurs significantly affects the composition and yield of the end products. Higher temperatures generally result in a higher yield of gases, while lower temperatures favor the production of liquid oil.
   • Reactor Design: The design of the pyrolysis reactor, including its size, shape, and heating method, can influence the efficiency and effectiveness of the process.
   • Feedstock Quality: The quality and composition of the waste tires used as feedstock can also impact the pyrolysis process. Tires with higher rubber content will generally yield more oil, while those with more synthetic materials may produce different by-products.

6. Environmental and Economic Considerations:

   • Environmental Benefits: Tyre pyrolysis is an environmentally friendly method of recycling waste tires, as it reduces the need for landfill space and minimizes the release of harmful pollutants.
   • Economic Benefits: The process produces valuable by-products like tire oil, carbon black, and steel wire, which can be sold or used in various industrial applications, making it economically viable.

In summary, the manufacture of tyre pyrolysis oil involves a series of well-defined steps, from the preparation of waste tires to the collection of the final products. The process is influenced by various factors, including temperature, reactor design, and feedstock quality, and offers both environmental and economic benefits.

Summary Table:

Step	Description
Preparation	Shredding and magnetic separation of waste tires to remove steel wires.
Pyrolysis Reactor	Heating shredded rubber in a low oxygen environment (300°C–900°C).
Vaporization	Rubber decomposes into hydrocarbon vapors.
Condensation	Vapors are cooled and liquefied into tyre pyrolysis oil.
By-products	Carbon black, steel wire, and non-condensable gases are collected.
Key Factors	Temperature, reactor design, and feedstock quality influence the process.
Benefits	Environmentally friendly and economically viable recycling method.

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