Brazing flux and soldering flux are different due to the distinct temperatures and materials involved in each process. Brazing typically occurs at temperatures above 840°F (450°C), using filler metals that melt at a higher temperature than those used in soldering. Soldering, conversely, involves lower temperature processes, usually below 840°F, and uses materials that melt at lower temperatures.
Brazing Flux: Brazing flux is specifically designed to operate at higher temperatures and is used to clean the surfaces of metals being joined, facilitating the flow of the brazing filler metal. It chemically reacts with the metal surfaces to remove oxides and other contaminants, ensuring a strong bond. The flux used in brazing is often more reactive than soldering flux due to the higher temperatures involved, which can lead to more rapid oxidation without proper protection.
Soldering Flux: Soldering flux, on the other hand, is formulated to work at lower temperatures. It also cleans the metal surfaces but is less reactive compared to brazing flux. The primary role of soldering flux is to prevent oxidation of the surfaces being soldered and to help the solder flow smoothly over the surfaces, ensuring a good electrical and mechanical connection.
Application and Selection: Both types of flux can be applied in various forms, such as pastes, liquids, powders, or pre-made brazing pastes that mix flux with filler metal powders. The selection of flux depends on the base metal and the filler metal used. For instance, fluxes used in brazing iron or nickel must be carefully chosen to avoid the production of brittle phosphides. In general, for longer brazing cycles, less active flux is recommended compared to shorter cycles.
Conclusion: While both brazing and soldering fluxes serve to clean and protect metal surfaces during the joining process, they are designed for different temperature ranges and types of materials. The choice of flux is critical to ensure the integrity and quality of the joint, depending on whether the process is brazing or soldering.
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