Industrial crucibles are made of various materials depending on their specific applications. The primary materials used for industrial crucibles include:
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Inert Ceramics/Metallic Components: These crucibles are used in environments where it is crucial to avoid chemical reactions with the crucible material. Examples include platinum, zirconium, and silicon carbide. Platinum alloy crucibles, for instance, are highly resistant to chemical reactions and are used in applications requiring high purity.
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Graphite: Graphite crucibles are heat-resistant containers used in high-temperature applications such as foundry work, laboratory testing, and jewelry making. They are capable of storing materials and samples during fusion and mixing processes, and are used for melting metals including precious metals.
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Alumina: Alumina crucibles are used in the production of alloys, stainless steel, and nickel alloys. They are chosen for their high thermal expansion properties, making them suitable for processes where thermal expansion is a critical factor.
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Mullite: Historically, Mullite crucibles, made from sandy clay, were used in steel production. These crucibles were designed with a hole at the top to allow pressure to escape during the cementation process.
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High Alumina Clay and Quartz Sand: In the Post-Medieval Era, crucibles made from high alumina clay and tempered with pure quartz sand, such as the Hessian crucibles, were prevalent. These were triangular vessels used across Europe and the New World.
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Steel: Heavy-duty steel crucibles are used in the secondary aluminum industry. However, they are prone to scaling, which can lead to contamination issues.
Each of these materials is selected based on the specific requirements of the industrial process, such as resistance to high temperatures, chemical inertness, and mechanical strength. The choice of crucible material is critical to ensure the integrity of the materials being processed and the accuracy of the results.
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