Ceramic tubes are typically made from a variety of materials, each chosen for specific properties that suit different applications. The most common materials used for ceramic tubes include alumina, mullite, corundum, sillimanite, mullite-bonded silicon carbide, recrystallised silicon carbide, and zirconia. These materials are selected based on their ability to withstand high temperatures, resist chemical reactions, and maintain structural integrity in various industrial environments.
Alumina Tubes: Alumina tubes are one of the most prevalent types of ceramic tubes. They are characterized by high purity, often with an alumina content exceeding 99.6%. Alumina tubes are known for their high bulk density (≥ 3.80 g/cm2) and can operate continuously at temperatures up to 1600°C. Despite their high-temperature capabilities and excellent thermal conductivity, alumina tubes, particularly those made from corundum, can be susceptible to thermal shock. This means they can easily crack or break if subjected to rapid temperature changes.
Mullite and Recrystallized Alumina (RCA): Mullite and recrystallized alumina are other ceramic materials commonly used in tube furnaces. These materials are chosen for their ability to withstand high temperatures and their chemical resistance, which is crucial in preventing unwanted reactions with sample materials inside the furnace.
Silicon Carbide Tubes: Silicon carbide, particularly in its recrystallised form, is valued for its exceptional thermal conductivity and resistance to wear and abrasion. Mullite-bonded silicon carbide tubes are also used, offering a balance of thermal and mechanical properties suitable for demanding furnace applications.
Zirconia Tubes: Zirconia tubes are known for their high-temperature stability and resistance to corrosion. They are often used in applications where these properties are essential.
Customization and Applications: Ceramic tubes can be customized to meet specific requirements, including special dimensions, tight tolerances, and additional features like flanges, holes, and slots. These tubes are used not only in furnace and kiln applications but also in supporting heating elements, providing lead outs for electrical cables, and serving as burner holes in gas and oil-fired kilns.
In summary, ceramic tubes are made from a range of materials, each with unique properties that make them suitable for various high-temperature industrial applications. The choice of material depends on the specific needs of the application, including temperature resistance, chemical stability, and mechanical strength.
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