The temperature of vacuum hardening can reach up to 1,300°C, and in some cases, for refractory materials, furnace temperatures can exceed 1,600°C. This high-temperature process is conducted in a vacuum environment to prevent oxidation and to enhance the mechanical properties of the treated metal. The vacuum environment ensures that the metal is heated in the absence of oxygen, typically using inert gases like nitrogen for quenching. This method allows for precise control over the temperature and cooling rate, leading to a consistent and high-quality result in terms of hardness and strength across the entire cross-section of the metal part. The process also minimizes surface decarburization and refines the austenitic grain structure, complying with international standards for material properties.
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