The material used in high temperature furnaces depends on the specific application and operating conditions. Some common materials used for high temperature furnaces include:
1. Kanthal silicon carbide: This material is used in high temperature furnaces that can endure temperatures up to 1800°C. It provides excellent resistance to oxidation and can withstand high temperatures without deforming or degrading.
2. Molybdenum disilicide: This material is also used in high temperature furnaces and can withstand temperatures up to 1800°C. It has good resistance to oxidation and high thermal conductivity.
3. Iron-chrome aluminum or nickel chrome alloys: These materials are commonly used as heating elements in industrial furnaces. They can convert electricity into heat and are suitable for high temperature applications.
4. Precious metals: Materials such as pure platinum, pure rhodium, and platinum/rhodium alloys are sometimes used as high temperature heating elements in specialized applications, particularly in the glass industry and research and development. However, these materials are not as common due to their high cost.
5. Graphite: Graphite is commonly used as a hot zone material in vacuum furnaces. It is durable and low-cost, making it a popular choice. However, for applications that require a truly clean environment, refractory metal systems are preferred.
6. Refractory metals (such as molybdenum and tungsten): Refractory metals are used as hot zone materials in high temperature vacuum furnaces. They can withstand high temperatures and provide sustained durability and flexibility of application.
7. Ceramic: Ceramic materials are used in high temperature vacuum furnaces for their ability to withstand extreme temperatures and vacuum environments.
8. Tungsten or molybdenum: These metals are commonly used as heating elements in high temperature vacuum furnaces. They have good resistance to high temperatures and are suitable for heat-treating applications.
In summary, the choice of material for high temperature furnaces depends on factors such as temperature requirements, durability, cost, and specific application needs. Different materials have different advantages and are selected accordingly.
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