Tungsten is a metal known for its unique properties, but it also comes with several disadvantages.
4 Key Challenges You Need to Know
1. Difficulty in Machining and Fabrication
Tungsten, especially in its pure form, is extremely difficult to machine.
Traditional diamond tools used for machining tungsten carbide are ineffective for pure tungsten.
This is due to a phenomenon called "loading," where tungsten particles become compacted into the spaces between the diamonds.
This makes the cutting tool ineffective and complicates the manufacturing process.
It also increases the cost due to the need for specialized tools and techniques.
Pure tungsten cannot be drawn over a mandrel or extruded into a tube, further limiting its fabrication options.
2. Brittleness at Low Temperatures
Tungsten has a ductile-to-brittle transition temperature that is typically higher than room temperature.
This means that the material becomes very brittle and prone to cracking at low temperatures.
This can be problematic for applications where tungsten components are exposed to cold environments.
The brittleness can also make tungsten difficult to work with in terms of forming and shaping.
It may not withstand the mechanical stresses applied during these processes.
3. Susceptibility to Oxidation
Tungsten oxidizes in air at elevated temperatures, which can lead to degradation of the material.
This necessitates the use of protective gas atmospheres or reducing atmospheres during welding and other high-temperature processes.
This requirement adds complexity and cost to the use of tungsten in high-temperature applications.
4. Influence of Purity and Alloying
The mechanical properties of tungsten, such as its ductility and strength, are highly influenced by its purity and the presence of alloying elements.
Impurities or contamination with other materials can make tungsten even more brittle and difficult to work with.
While metalworking and alloying can help reduce the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature, these processes must be carefully controlled.
This ensures that the desired properties are achieved.
Continue Exploring, Consult Our Experts
Despite these challenges, tungsten's unique properties make it indispensable for certain high-temperature and high-performance applications.
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