Graphite does not have a defined melting point.
Instead, it sublimates.
This means it transitions directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid phase.
This sublimation occurs at extremely high temperatures, typically around 3600°C (6512°F) under standard atmospheric pressure.
What is the Melting Point of Graphite and Why? (4 Key Points Explained)
1. Unique Crystalline Structure
Graphite is composed of carbon atoms arranged in hexagonal sheets stacked on top of each other.
These sheets are held together by weak van der Waals forces between the layers.
This structure allows the layers to slide over each other easily, giving graphite its characteristic softness and lubricity.
2. Sublimation Process
When heated, these layers vibrate more intensely.
Eventually, they overcome the weak interlayer forces and break free.
This transition directly into a gaseous state is called sublimation.
3. High-Temperature Applications
Graphite can withstand temperatures up to 5000°F (2760°C) without melting or chemically decomposing.
This makes it commonly used in furnaces, crucibles for melting metals, and as heating elements in high-temperature processes.
Its thermal stability, resistance to thermal shock, and inertness to most chemicals further enhance its suitability for these applications.
4. Valuable Material in Extreme Environments
Graphite's unique structure and properties prevent it from melting.
Instead, it sublimes at very high temperatures, making it a valuable material in extreme thermal environments.
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