To achieve optimal results in X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, the particle size of the sample preparation is crucial.
The ideal particle size for XRF sample preparation is typically less than 75 μm.
This ensures that the sample is homogenous and free of voids, providing representative results for the entire sample.
The preparation methods for XRF samples include liquid and solid samples, with solid samples commonly prepared as pressed pellets or fused beads.
The choice of cuvettes, films, and the surface quality of the sample also play significant roles in the accuracy of the analysis.
5 Key Points Explained: What You Need to Know About XRF Sample Preparation
1. Optimal Particle Size for XRF Analysis
The material must be ground to a homogenous mixture with a particle size of <75 μm.
This ensures that the sample is well-dispersed and provides representative results for the entire sample.
High-speed grinders or specialized laboratory equipment are used to achieve this particle size.
2. Importance of Sample Homogeneity
Ensuring there are no voids between the particles of the test material.
The powder should have a flat, uniform surface to avoid distortion in the results.
Poor grinding can lead to voids, which may affect the accuracy of the analysis.
3. Types of XRF Sample Preparation
Liquid XRF Sample Preparation
Liquid samples are prepared by pouring the liquid into a cup and sealing it with a suitable film.
The choice of film is crucial to provide enough support and transmission while keeping the sample free of contaminants.
Solid XRF Sample Preparation
Solid samples can be prepared as pressed pellets or fused beads.
Pressed pellets are produced by grinding the sample to <75 µm and then pressing it using a die set.
4. Equipment and Consumables for XRF Analysis
The type of cuvettes and films used during testing can affect the results.
There are various types of consumables used in XRF that should not distort the results.
The surface quality of the sample and the absence of voids are critical for accurate analysis.
5. Sample Size and Preparation Techniques
The preferred sample surface size for XRF analysis is typically 32 mm or 40 mm.
Different types of dies are available, such as those with internal pressing pellets and those used with aluminum sample cups.
The APEX 400 press automates the pellet ejection step, improving sample throughput.
General Guidelines for Sample Preparation
Powders should have the consistency of flour, dry, and ground to ~50µm particle size.
Ideally, 5g of sample is required, but this can be as small as 1g depending on the analysis needed.
Confirming the spectrometer’s sample preparation needs is essential to ensure the correct sample size and preparation method.
By following these guidelines and ensuring the optimal particle size, the accuracy and reliability of XRF analysis can be significantly improved.
Proper sample preparation is essential for obtaining high-quality results and ensuring that the analysis is representative of the entire sample.
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