The sintering pressing force in hot pressing sintering refers to the external force applied during the sintering process to accelerate material flow, rearrangement, and densification. This force typically ranges from 10 to 40 MPa, depending on the strength of the mold material. The application of this force, combined with heat, significantly enhances the densification process, allowing for the production of fully dense and fine-grained products in a shorter time and at lower temperatures compared to normal pressure sintering.
Key Points Explained:
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Definition and Range of Sintering Pressing Force:
- Definition: The sintering pressing force is the external force applied during the hot pressing sintering process.
- Range: It typically ranges from 10 to 40 MPa, depending on the material's properties and the desired outcome.
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Effect of Sintering Pressing Force on Densification:
- Acceleration of Material Flow: The pressing force accelerates the movement of particles, facilitating their rearrangement and densification.
- Reduction in Sintering Temperature: Hot pressing sintering allows for a lower sintering temperature (about 100°C to 150°C lower) compared to normal pressure sintering.
- Enhanced Densification Speed: The combined effect of heat and pressure results in a faster densification process, enabling the production of fully dense products in a shorter time.
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Advantages of Hot Pressing Sintering:
- Lower Molding Pressure: The required molding pressure is only about 1/10 of that needed in cold pressing methods.
- Ability to Form Large-Sized Products: Materials like A12O3, BeO, BN, and TiB2 can be formed into large-sized products.
- Reduced Sintering Time: Simultaneous heating and pressurization help in mass transfer processes, reducing sintering time and inhibiting grain growth.
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Stages of Densification in Hot Pressing Sintering:
- Early Stage: Rapid increase in density (from 5% to 60%) within the first few minutes.
- Middle Stage: Particle rearrangement, local fragmentation, and filling of large aggregate clearance occur.
- Later Stage: Densification slows down as the contact surface of particles increases, and particle boundary slippage becomes less likely.
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Comparison with Normal Pressure Sintering:
- Driving Force: The driving force in hot pressing sintering is 20 to 100 times larger than in normal pressure sintering.
- Effectiveness: Hot pressing sintering effectively removes pores between powder particles, enhancing the material's mechanical and high-temperature properties.
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Total Sintering Driving Force:
- Components: Includes both the intrinsic curvature-driven sintering stress and the applied external stress.
- Significance: The applied pressure's significance depends on the relative magnitudes of these two components.
By understanding these key points, a lab equipment purchaser can make informed decisions about the appropriate sintering pressing force for their specific materials and applications, ensuring optimal results in terms of product density, grain size, and overall performance.
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