The yield of pyrolysis tires varies depending on the type of tire and the specific conditions of the pyrolysis process. Generally, the oil yield ranges from 30% to 52% of the tire's weight. For large car tires, truck tires, and OTR tires, the oil yield is typically between 45% and 52%. Smaller tires, such as those from cars, motorcycles, and bicycles, yield slightly less oil, around 35% to 40%. Other rubber materials like rubber cable sheaths and soles yield about 35% oil, while various rubber sheets or carpets yield about 30% oil.
The pyrolysis process involves heating the tires in the absence of oxygen to break down the rubber into various products. The main products include pyrolysis oil, carbon black, steel wire, and gas. The specific yields for these products from a ton of tires are approximately 300kg of pyrolysis oil, 380kg of carbon black, 170kg of steel, and 150kg of gas (with about 40% methane content).
The quality and yield of the products are influenced by the heating rate and temperature. For instance, maintaining a temperature around 450°C primarily produces liquid hydrocarbons, while temperatures above 700°C favor the production of synthetic gas (syngas) due to further cracking of the liquids. The process also varies depending on whether the tires are used whole or shredded, with whole tires containing fibers and steel, which can affect the final product yields and qualities.
Overall, the pyrolysis of tires is a profitable process that efficiently converts waste rubber into valuable products, contributing to both environmental sustainability and economic benefits.
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